Agyan Kumar; Antônio Clécio Fontelles Thomaz
Abstract
This project is concerned with using a digital rather than a manual approach to providing bus passes. The major goal of this technology is to digitally manufacture bus passes and eliminate the need for handwritten paperwork. Commuters will be able to acquire their passes in a fraction of a second, eliminating ...
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This project is concerned with using a digital rather than a manual approach to providing bus passes. The major goal of this technology is to digitally manufacture bus passes and eliminate the need for handwritten paperwork. Commuters will be able to acquire their passes in a fraction of a second, eliminating the need to wait in lines. It will also make it easier for customers to pay for their passes online. As the project grows in size, all of the data will be transferred to the cloud. As we advance toward a smart bus pass generation system, the trouble of keeping change in pockets will soon be a thing of the past. The online-based bus pass generation and payment system will not only be a step toward a paperless green city approach, but it will also be a tremendous relief for daily commuters, saving them time and eliminating the daily bother of waiting in lengthy, tiring lines for their passes. Not to mention our senior citizens and female commuters.
Soheil Fakheri
Abstract
Analysis of big data has been presented as an advanced analytical technology involving large-scale and complex applications. In this paper, we review the general background of big data, and focus on data generation and data analysis. Then, we examine the several representative applications of big data, ...
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Analysis of big data has been presented as an advanced analytical technology involving large-scale and complex applications. In this paper, we review the general background of big data, and focus on data generation and data analysis. Then, we examine the several representative applications of big data, including enterprise management, Internet of Things, online social networks. These discussions aim to provide a comprehensive overview to readers of this exciting area.
Amir Hossein Hariri; Esmaeil Bagheri; Sayyed Mohammad Reza Davoodi
Abstract
Coronary artery heart failure is the leading cause of mortality among other cardiac diseases. In most of the cases, angiography is a reliable method for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is a costly approach associated with various complications. The significant increase ...
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Coronary artery heart failure is the leading cause of mortality among other cardiac diseases. In most of the cases, angiography is a reliable method for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is a costly approach associated with various complications. The significant increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and the subsequent complications and treatment costs have urged researchers to plan for the better examination, prevention, early detection, and effective treatment of these conditions. The present study aimed to determine the patterns of cardiovascular diseases using integrated classification techniques for analyzing the data of internal medicine patients who are at the risk of heart failure with 451 samples and 13 characteristics. Selecting characteristics and evaluating the influential factors are essential to the development of classifiers and increasing their accuracy. Therefore, we investigated the influential factors of the Gini index. In the classification phase, basic techniques were used, including a decision tree, a neural network, and different cumulative techniques such as gradient boosting, random forest, and the novel deep learning method. A comparison revealed that deep learning with the accuracy of 95.33%, disease class accuracy of 95.77%, and health class accuracy of 94.74% could enhance the presentation and results of the neural network. Out findings confirmed that cumulative methods and selecting influential factors are essential to increasing the accuracy of the diagnostic systems for heart failure. Furthermore, the reported practical tree rules emphasized the use of analytical methods to extract knowledge.
Negar Afzali Behbahani; Mazdak Khodadadi-Karimvand; Afarin Ahmadi
Abstract
Drilling is among the major processes of exploration, description, and development of oil and gas reservoirs with a strategic significance in the oil industry. It has also always been a major challenge in the oil industry. Because of the importance of drilling in major upstream oil and gas industries, ...
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Drilling is among the major processes of exploration, description, and development of oil and gas reservoirs with a strategic significance in the oil industry. It has also always been a major challenge in the oil industry. Because of the importance of drilling in major upstream oil and gas industries, identifying related risks is also of great importance. Risk assessment systems are tools for identifying potential risks and assessing their levels, which have been widely used in various industries and disciplines in recent years. Accordingly, this study identified and assessed major environmental risks caused by onshore and offshore drilling operations and presented an approach to reduce their risk levels. Offshore and onshore risks were identified after identifying the drilling operation of oil wells. Indexes used in the FMEA method were selected to determine the most significant risks. The identified risks were then ranked by experts and entered the TOPSIS decision matrix as a useful technique to prioritize and select the most significant and most effective risks. Shannon's Entropy was used to weight identified indexes. Finally, 33 environmental risks resulting from oil well drilling operations in onshore and offshore ecosystems were identified. Corrective measures were presented for each environment to reduce the level of identified risks and their effect on the environment.
Ramri Shukla; Bardia Khalilian; Sara Partouvi
Abstract
To lessen the impact of a low student success rate, it's critical to be able to identify students who are in danger of failing early on, so that more targeted remedial intervention may be implemented. Private colleges use a variety of techniques, including increased tuition, expanded laboratory access, ...
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To lessen the impact of a low student success rate, it's critical to be able to identify students who are in danger of failing early on, so that more targeted remedial intervention may be implemented. Private colleges use a variety of techniques, including increased tuition, expanded laboratory access, and the formation of learning communities. The prompt identification of students in danger of failing a given programme is important to both the students and the institutions with which they are registered, as seen by the debate presented below. Students are classified using artificial neural networks and random forests in this article. A private higher education provider provided a dataset of 2000 students. Artificial neural networks were found to provide the best performing model, with an accuracy of 83.24% percent.
Natalja Osintsev
Abstract
Air pollution is the biggest environmental hazard that cannot be ignored. Due to increase in number of industries and urbanization increases air pollutants concentrations in many areas because of this different changes are been happening in human life like health issues and as well as other living organisms. ...
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Air pollution is the biggest environmental hazard that cannot be ignored. Due to increase in number of industries and urbanization increases air pollutants concentrations in many areas because of this different changes are been happening in human life like health issues and as well as other living organisms. We have some pollutant emission monitoring systems, like Opsis, Codel, Urac and TAS-Air metrics which are expensive. As well as these systems have limitations to be installed on chimney due to their principle of operation. In this work I like to propose a function that is easy to use and causes less cost compared to the other ones. That is an industrial air pollution monitoring system based on the technology of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This system is integrated with the Global System for Mobile (GSM) communications and the protocol it uses is zigbee. The system consists of sensor nodes, a control center and data base through which sensing data can be stored for history and future plans. It is used to monitor Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and dust concentration caused by industrial emissions due to process.
Reza Rasinojehdehi; Seyyed Esmaeil Najafi
Abstract
An indispensable aspect of human life is energy. The escalating global population and the subsequent rise in the human need for energy, coupled with the constraints of fossil fuels, have compelled researchers to explore innovative techniques for energy production and the adoption of renewable energy ...
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An indispensable aspect of human life is energy. The escalating global population and the subsequent rise in the human need for energy, coupled with the constraints of fossil fuels, have compelled researchers to explore innovative techniques for energy production and the adoption of renewable energy sources. The construction of renewable power plants emerges as a paramount solution for achieving clean energy, a strategy successfully implemented in various countries globally, including India, China, the USA, Central Asian nations, and Africa. Strategically located and blessed with significant solar potential, Iran is a promising candidate for establishing solar power plants. Despite its high potential for constructing solar power plants, Iran faces limitations that require careful consideration. Investing in renewable power plant projects in Iran necessitates addressing various risks and uncertainties. This paper introduces an innovative approach to assessing the risks associated with solar power plants, utilizing an integrated method that combines Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). In the initial phase, DEA cross-efficiency measures risk factors derived from Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). This approach not only overcomes certain drawbacks of FMEA but also eliminates several limitations of DEA, enhancing the discrimination capability for decision units. Subsequently, a SVM is developed to monitor the process, concluding with tailored risk treatment and monitoring processes specifically designed for the unique context of Iran's solar energy landscape.
Negar Afzali Behbahani
Abstract
In recent years, industrial advances in human societies have led to the rapid growth of electrical technology and its production and transmission, and this has led to an increase in power networks and the use of high voltages. While the energy from a high voltage power tower is not visible or palpable, ...
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In recent years, industrial advances in human societies have led to the rapid growth of electrical technology and its production and transmission, and this has led to an increase in power networks and the use of high voltages. While the energy from a high voltage power tower is not visible or palpable, it also has effects on human health and even the environment, depending on the intensity of the electromagnetic fields generated and the duration of exposure and human distance from these energy sources. It has a life that is sometimes very destructive. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the hazards caused by high voltage power towers in residential areas in order to prioritize and manage hazards to reduce or eliminate them. Therefore, at first, the power transmission process, equipment used in it and the safety, health and environmental hazards resulting from it, were identified and evaluated by the parameters of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Also, considering that one of the most important problems in the vicinity of residential areas with high voltage power transmission lines is the effects of magnetic field beams created around it, in order to determine the intensity of the magnetic field, 3D EMF TESTER device was used. Finally, the identified risks were scored based on the parameters of the research method and RPN was calculated for each. Then, with the help of SPSS software, the level of risk was calculated and the identified items were prioritized and analyzed based on it. According to the results, the highest RPN values were related to health risks and all risks in this group were in emergency situations.
Dmitriy S Vladislav
Abstract
This is an application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to avoid the leakages, which are happening in the underground. It is quite hard to detect the leaks inside the ground, so this is a method which we can send some signals and detect where the leakage is happened and we can fix it easily. Our main ...
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This is an application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to avoid the leakages, which are happening in the underground. It is quite hard to detect the leaks inside the ground, so this is a method which we can send some signals and detect where the leakage is happened and we can fix it easily. Our main aim is to detect the leakages happened in the water separation in water distribution network. To overcome this problem, we use the Smart Water Leakage Detection (SWLD) in pipelines. In this SWLD we measure water level in tank and control in pump to turn it on when the water level is less (low). The System contains 2 parts: the first part is alarm based on Global System for Mobile (GSM) technology to send Short Message Service (SMS) to the owner. This system is containing basic components like sensors, GSM module, Arduino. The second is the controlling part; it uses Android application mobile to control the pump.
Javad Gerami; Mohammad Reza Mozaffari
Abstract
In this paper, we present an Additive Slacks-Based Measure (ASBM) model for measuring efficiency Decision-Making Unit (DMU) in the presence of undesirable outputs based on DEA Ratio based (DEA-R) model. In order to obtain a reasonable measure of efficiency, this paper proposes a concept for determining ...
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In this paper, we present an Additive Slacks-Based Measure (ASBM) model for measuring efficiency Decision-Making Unit (DMU) in the presence of undesirable outputs based on DEA Ratio based (DEA-R) model. In order to obtain a reasonable measure of efficiency, this paper proposes a concept for determining the minimum number of undesirable outputs that a DMU is allowed to generate based on the assertion of weak disposability. We show theeffect of producing excessive amounts of undesirable outputs on efficiency. We propose an alternative form of the ASBM model to measure efficiency based on DEA-R models. In the first stage, we introduce counterpart (hypothetic) units corresponding to each DMUs. We obtain the true efficiency scores and slack variables regarding the input and output components of each of the DMUs. In the second stage, we obtain the efficiency scores in the presence of undesirable outputs based on ASBM-DEA-R model. In the following, we illustrate the proposed approach with a numerical example. At the end, the results of the research are given.
Agyan Kumar; Antonio Clecio Fontelles Thomaz
Abstract
Wireless sensor networks due to their vast area of application being used in current research areas. In agricultural field like greenhouses, various climatic condition parameters are essential to monitored for regulation of crop production. Smooth farming by means of the use of web of things advances ...
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Wireless sensor networks due to their vast area of application being used in current research areas. In agricultural field like greenhouses, various climatic condition parameters are essential to monitored for regulation of crop production. Smooth farming by means of the use of web of things advances will assist agriculturalists with limiting delivered wilds and further develop productivity. That can emerge out of how much fertilizer that has been applied to the wide inconstancy of endeavors the ranch vehicles have totaled. Thus, brilliant lacking is basically a welcome tech gadget of arising food this is even and is viable for the groups. This paper gives a sign of the current condition and future computations of web of things requesting in horticulture.
Samira Torabi; Lu Fan
Abstract
Greenhouse works with exact observing and controlling of different boundaries, to develop quality conscience crops without killing assets. The cabling laid for the sensors, conveyed inside the greenhouse isn't possible. Thus the need for a computerized framework utilizing remote correspondence, what's ...
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Greenhouse works with exact observing and controlling of different boundaries, to develop quality conscience crops without killing assets. The cabling laid for the sensors, conveyed inside the greenhouse isn't possible. Thus the need for a computerized framework utilizing remote correspondence, what's more, remote detecting is basic. This paper proposes a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based implanted framework and manages the execution of ZigBee organization (over IEEE 802.15.4) for remote controlling of the greenhouse boundaries. The nitty gritty data in regards to the foundation of the ZigBee network in star geography as well as in Mesh Topology, inside the greenhouse is shown. It likewise shows the continuous observation of boundaries like temperature, and dampness, as well as the aggregate power utilization of the framework, with the assistance of a PC-based GUI application, created on the Java stage.
Agyan Panda; Azadeh Shemshad
Abstract
Teachers used to keep student records manually by calling names or distributing an attendance sheet around the classroom. These procedures take time, are prone to errors, and require proxy attendance. Furthermore, digital record assimilation is time-consuming since teachers must manually put in the entries ...
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Teachers used to keep student records manually by calling names or distributing an attendance sheet around the classroom. These procedures take time, are prone to errors, and require proxy attendance. Furthermore, digital record assimilation is time-consuming since teachers must manually put in the entries in the database to generate reports. It's also important to keep manual and digital records consistent. Standard biometrics such as fingerprint and iris recognition have been used in automated systems in recent years. These systems are obtrusive by nature and necessitate high-tech equipment. Our proposed solution eliminates redundancy in human records and makes maintaining attendance a simple chore.
Zhi Zhou
Abstract
In India, agriculture plays an important role in providing various goods such as vegetables, fruits, grains, etc. Farmers have been producing crops in the fields day and night. For producing these products. Now days, the production of the crops in the yields are reducing year by year. This is mainly ...
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In India, agriculture plays an important role in providing various goods such as vegetables, fruits, grains, etc. Farmers have been producing crops in the fields day and night. For producing these products. Now days, the production of the crops in the yields are reducing year by year. This is mainly due to industrialization effects, and using of harmful pesticides and chemicals, lack of water and insufficient water system in the fields, etc. are several factors on the less production of the yields in agriculture. So, our plan is to implement the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) technology which plays an important role in the Smart Agriculture. The main aim of the article is about importance of WSNs in agriculture. The end of the relinquishment of WSNs in PA is to measure the different environmental parameters similar as moisture, temperature, soil humidity, PH value of soil etc., for enhancing the volume and quality of crops. Further, the WSNs are also helped to reduce the consumptions of the natural coffee is used in husbandry. As we have already mentioned about the Smart Agriculture and WSN, in this article we have to know about how the WSN is used and related important role in Smart Agriculture and various technologies used,what are the difficulties and challenges has to face while using these technologies, various factors played on the Smart Agriculture has been discussed in future.
Sapan Kumar Das
Abstract
In this paper, we consider a Fuzzy Linear Fractional Programming (FLFP) problem under the condition that the objective function and the values of the right-hand side are represented by symmetric trapezoidal fuzzy numbers while the left-hand side constraints are represented by real numbers. Decision variables ...
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In this paper, we consider a Fuzzy Linear Fractional Programming (FLFP) problem under the condition that the objective function and the values of the right-hand side are represented by symmetric trapezoidal fuzzy numbers while the left-hand side constraints are represented by real numbers. Decision variables are characterized by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and non-negative numbers. Utilizing the ranking function and computation of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, the FLFP problem is transformed into a Crisp Linear Fractional Programming (CLFP) problem. This paper outfits another idea for diminishing the computational complexity, in any case without losing its viability crisp LFP problem. A modified possibility programming problem, Swarup is utilized to solve this program. Lead from real-life problems, a couple of mathematical models is considered to survey the legitimacy, usefulness and applicability of our method. Finally, some mathematical analysis along with one case study is given to show the novel strategies are superior to the current techniques.
Victoria Nozick
Abstract
Programmable foundation has experienced the characteristic for directing the instruments in the network. The plotting of uses of the network has begun the potential of the example of SDN that has aided in the enhancement of directing the network. Dossier Planes and Control Planes are deflected from each ...
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Programmable foundation has experienced the characteristic for directing the instruments in the network. The plotting of uses of the network has begun the potential of the example of SDN that has aided in the enhancement of directing the network. Dossier Planes and Control Planes are deflected from each other as an effect of the maneuvers of the data plane acts as the dossier aiding designs and leaving behind the contained conclusion making to the bureaucracy that is to say concentrated that is dubbed as boss. Construction of Program- Delimited Socializing for professional or personal gain (SDN) in the surroundings of WWW of Belongings (IoT) is the most important challenge. Though it has innumerable benefits, still safety is the big issue engaged of SDN. In this place division, we will present the freedom attacks and challenges confronted engaged of SDN and IoT and again the impromptu design for IoT in the foundation of SDN. Wireless Sensor Network, WSN, efficient system for forest fire detection, efficient detection method for forest fire systems, Wireless Sensor Network for Forest Fire Detection and Decision Making.
Reza Fallah; Mohadeseh Kouchaki Tajani; Mehdi Maranjory; Razieh Alikhani
Abstract
Banks as financial and service-provider institutions in a society have a decisive role in the circulation of money and wealth of a country, so they have a special place in the economy of each country. Considering the importance of lending in quality of banks return and econom-ic decisions and increasing ...
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Banks as financial and service-provider institutions in a society have a decisive role in the circulation of money and wealth of a country, so they have a special place in the economy of each country. Considering the importance of lending in quality of banks return and econom-ic decisions and increasing competition in banks, analysis and research in this area is neces-sary. Accordingly, in the present study, a data envelopment analysis model was used to evaluate and select the optimal portfolio of banks' listed loans in Tehran Stock Exchange for 2017. Bank loans were evaluated using data envelopment analysis method and based on a set of banking criteria whith the use Gams software. In this method, banks are ranked based on the highest score and then the most efficient banks are selected. Finally, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed method, a case study has been used in Iranian banks, which the results of performance evaluation of each type of loans and bank has been extracted. The results of the present study indicated that out of all the lending, Pasar-gad, Parsian and Saman Banks had the best performance and the Sarmayeh, Dey and Gardeshgari Banks had the poorest performance.
Haifa Alqahtani
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoTs) enables the incorporation and connecting of physical devices to the internet with little human intervention and human-to-human or human-to-PC communication. It discusses the future pattern and the next major upheaval unfolding in the realm of information technology. Individuals ...
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The Internet of Things (IoTs) enables the incorporation and connecting of physical devices to the internet with little human intervention and human-to-human or human-to-PC communication. It discusses the future pattern and the next major upheaval unfolding in the realm of information technology. Individuals and objects are linked to everything and anybody, anytime, wherever, and via the use of organization or administration. It also focuses on how IoT can promote a greener and cleaner environment through Green Internet of Things (G-IoT). This article provides an overview of IoT and G-IoT. It also covers various advancements and problems in G-IoT and how it might reduce energy use. This article clarifies the concept of the IoT, including its features, security concerns, and technology adoption trends.
Agyan Panda; Sheila Maria Muniz
Abstract
Household object detection is a brand-new computer technique that combines image processing and computer vision to recognise objects in the home. All objects stored in the kitchen, room, and other areas will be detected by the camera. Low-end device techniques for detecting people in video or images ...
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Household object detection is a brand-new computer technique that combines image processing and computer vision to recognise objects in the home. All objects stored in the kitchen, room, and other areas will be detected by the camera. Low-end device techniques for detecting people in video or images are known as object detection. With picture and video analysis, we've lost our way.
Mingyue Wang
Abstract
The goal of research in the intriguing area of cloud computing is to discover the most effective solution and method for sharing and protecting data. Load Balancing (LB) on public infrastructure using cloud computing's ideal geographic location. In cloudy environments, LB is widely used as a visitor ...
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The goal of research in the intriguing area of cloud computing is to discover the most effective solution and method for sharing and protecting data. Load Balancing (LB) on public infrastructure using cloud computing's ideal geographic location. In cloudy environments, LB is widely used as a visitor control approach. Cloud requests look for resources to support performance. The resources are frequently things like bandwidth, processing power, and storage. LB is the process of effectively allocating these resources to each competing job. This study will offer a thorough analysis of cloud load-balancing methods.
Mehdi Maranjory; Mohadeseh Kouchaki Tajani
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to empirically examine the effect of independence, size, expertise, and gender of the audit committee on audit report lag in firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Using unique data from Iran for a 5-year period between 2016 and 2020, the results showed that ...
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The purpose of this research was to empirically examine the effect of independence, size, expertise, and gender of the audit committee on audit report lag in firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Using unique data from Iran for a 5-year period between 2016 and 2020, the results showed that financial expertise and independence of the audit committee have a significant negative effect on audit report lag. This suggests that more experts and non-executive members on the audit committee minimize audit report lag and reduce the timeliness constraint that dominates the qualitative characteristics financial information. The results also showed the significant positive effect of audit committee gender on audit report lag, while there was no significant relationship between the size of the audit committee and audit report lag, indicating that the quality of the audit committee is more important than its quantity.
Aziza Algarni
Abstract
Cloud computing is an essential tool for sharing resources across virtual machines, and it relies on scheduling and load balancing to ensure that tasks are assigned to the most appropriate resources. Multiple independent tasks need to be handled by cloud computing, and static and dynamic scheduling plays ...
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Cloud computing is an essential tool for sharing resources across virtual machines, and it relies on scheduling and load balancing to ensure that tasks are assigned to the most appropriate resources. Multiple independent tasks need to be handled by cloud computing, and static and dynamic scheduling plays a crucial role in allocating tasks to the right resources. This is especially important in heterogeneous environments, where algorithms can improve load balancing and enhance cloud computing's efficiency. This paper aims to evaluate and discuss algorithms that can improve load balancing in cloud systems.
Hadi Faghihmaleki; Saman Rahimireskati; Mohamamd Darbandi
Abstract
Due to the fact that science is advancing and construction in our society is increasing, the engineering community is also obliged to introduce new approaches to the country and use them in this field. The traditional method (CAD) used to be used in this field and now the engineering community in most ...
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Due to the fact that science is advancing and construction in our society is increasing, the engineering community is also obliged to introduce new approaches to the country and use them in this field. The traditional method (CAD) used to be used in this field and now the engineering community in most of the world uses Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology. BIM helps the project team observe what will be built in a simulated environment. This study examines the role of BIM in reducing time, cost savings, quality improvement, monitoring, control, estimating time and cost, comparing current conditions with standards, and reporting. We also compared the two projects, one using BIM and the other using the traditional method. The results showed that the use of BIM helps to include value engineering in projects, collisions do not occur during project implementation .
Lu Fan
Abstract
This paper will explain that the growing global population and increasing energy utilization have underscored the urgent need to conserve energy through every available means. One significant factor contributing to energy waste is the lack of access to and control over applications from remote locations. ...
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This paper will explain that the growing global population and increasing energy utilization have underscored the urgent need to conserve energy through every available means. One significant factor contributing to energy waste is the lack of access to and control over applications from remote locations. To mitigate this issue, users can utilize web or Android applications to send instructions to these systems. Communication protocols such as Wi-Fi, GSM, bluetooth, and ZigBee can be leveraged to establish connectivity between the design and user devices. Existing systems feature diverse monitoring devices and structural components to facilitate efficient energy management. Numerous examples of such applications have already been implemented in various settings. By harnessing these technologies, users can remotely control and monitor their energy consumption, reducing energy waste and promoting environmental sustainability. Continued research and development of energy-saving solutions will be critical in mitigating the negative impact of rising energy demand.
Hossein Ali Fakher
Abstract
Foreign direct investment (FDI) and environmental quality contributes very significantly to all parts of the world, especially developing countries. These two factors have been so important that are known as the engine of economic growth and progression. This paper aimed to examine the association between ...
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Foreign direct investment (FDI) and environmental quality contributes very significantly to all parts of the world, especially developing countries. These two factors have been so important that are known as the engine of economic growth and progression. This paper aimed to examine the association between environmental sustainability index, economic growth, and FDI in selected developing countries. Estimation of long-run coefficients is carried out by using Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS), and the estimation of short-term coefficients and causality relationships using Pooled Mean Group (PMG) method in panel data for intervals 2000-2020. The outcomes of long-term estimates of variables indicate that each variable is statistically significant; so that, FDI has the greatest effect on the economic growth. The environmental quality index had a significantly positive impact on the economic growth; so that, after FDI variable, it significantly affected economic growth in selected developing countries. There is a significantly positive relationship between FDI and quality of environment and economic growth in short term. In the equation of environmental quality index, economic growth, FDI and trade openness show a significantly negative impact on quality of environment in the short term. Generally, as it was observed from the short-term and long-term relationships, the association between economic growth and quality of environment is a two-way causality relationship.
