Negar Afzali Behbahani; Mazdak Khodadadi-Karimvand; Afarin Ahmadi
Abstract
Drilling is among the major processes of exploration, description, and development of oil and gas reservoirs with a strategic significance in the oil industry. It has also always been a major challenge in the oil industry. Because of the importance of drilling in major upstream oil and gas industries, ...
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Drilling is among the major processes of exploration, description, and development of oil and gas reservoirs with a strategic significance in the oil industry. It has also always been a major challenge in the oil industry. Because of the importance of drilling in major upstream oil and gas industries, identifying related risks is also of great importance. Risk assessment systems are tools for identifying potential risks and assessing their levels, which have been widely used in various industries and disciplines in recent years. Accordingly, this study identified and assessed major environmental risks caused by onshore and offshore drilling operations and presented an approach to reduce their risk levels. Offshore and onshore risks were identified after identifying the drilling operation of oil wells. Indexes used in the FMEA method were selected to determine the most significant risks. The identified risks were then ranked by experts and entered the TOPSIS decision matrix as a useful technique to prioritize and select the most significant and most effective risks. Shannon's Entropy was used to weight identified indexes. Finally, 33 environmental risks resulting from oil well drilling operations in onshore and offshore ecosystems were identified. Corrective measures were presented for each environment to reduce the level of identified risks and their effect on the environment.
Negar Afzali Behbahani
Abstract
In recent years, industrial advances in human societies have led to the rapid growth of electrical technology and its production and transmission, and this has led to an increase in power networks and the use of high voltages. While the energy from a high voltage power tower is not visible or palpable, ...
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In recent years, industrial advances in human societies have led to the rapid growth of electrical technology and its production and transmission, and this has led to an increase in power networks and the use of high voltages. While the energy from a high voltage power tower is not visible or palpable, it also has effects on human health and even the environment, depending on the intensity of the electromagnetic fields generated and the duration of exposure and human distance from these energy sources. It has a life that is sometimes very destructive. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the hazards caused by high voltage power towers in residential areas in order to prioritize and manage hazards to reduce or eliminate them. Therefore, at first, the power transmission process, equipment used in it and the safety, health and environmental hazards resulting from it, were identified and evaluated by the parameters of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Also, considering that one of the most important problems in the vicinity of residential areas with high voltage power transmission lines is the effects of magnetic field beams created around it, in order to determine the intensity of the magnetic field, 3D EMF TESTER device was used. Finally, the identified risks were scored based on the parameters of the research method and RPN was calculated for each. Then, with the help of SPSS software, the level of risk was calculated and the identified items were prioritized and analyzed based on it. According to the results, the highest RPN values were related to health risks and all risks in this group were in emergency situations.
